CO 1. Understanding rainfed agriculture and watershed farming.

CO 2. Describing Drought: types, effect of water deficit on physio-morphological characteristics of the plants will be known.

CO 3. Analyzing soil & moisture conservation measures can be known.

CO 4. Evaluating the efficient utilization of water through soil & crop management practices.


Centers of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives in different cereals; pulses; oilseeds; fodder crops and cash crops; vegetable and horticultural crops. Plant genetic resources, its utilization and conservation.    

Study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters; Major breeding objectives and procedures including conventional.

Modern innovative approaches for development of hybrids and varieties for yield, adaptability, stability, abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and quality (physical, chemical, nutritional).

Hybrid seed production technology of rabi crops. Ideotype concept and climate resilient crop varieties for future.

Organic farming, principles and its scope in India; Initiatives taken by Government (central/ state).

NGOs and other organizations for promotion of organic agriculture.Organic ecosystem and their concepts; Organic nutrient resources and its fortification; Restrictions to nutrient use in organic farming; Choice of crops and varieties in organic farming.   

Fundamentals of insect, pest, disease and weed management under organic mode of production; Operational structure of NPOP.

Certification process and standards of organic farming; Processing, leveling, economic considerations and viability, marketing and export potential of organic products.