Chemistry-II

COURSE CODE

COURSE TITLE

L

T

P

C

BBT 114

CHEMISTRY-II

 (INORGANIC  & ORGANIC CHEMISTRY )

2

0

2

2+1

 

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand atomic structure, quantum numbers, periodic properties, and basic principles of chemical bonding and reactivity.

CO-2 Apply concepts like hybridization, VSEPR, molecular orbital theory, and resonance to predict molecular structure and reactivity in inorganic and organic compounds.

CO-3 Analyze between types of organic reagents, reaction mechanisms, and reactive intermediates, and interpret isomerism and stereochemistry in hydrocarbons.

CO-4 Evaluate reaction outcomes and stereochemical configurations using CIP rules, Markovnikov/anti-Markovnikov addition, and conformational analysis.

 COURSE CONTENT

 THEORY

 UNIT-I                                             [8 Sessions]

Atomic Structure: Introduction, atomic models, Quantum numbers and  shapes of s, p, d orbitals, Aufbau’s principle and Pauli’s exclusion principle, Hund's multiplicity rule, Electronic configuration of the elements. Dual nature of matter and light, De broglie relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

UNIT-II                                              [8 Sessions]

Periodic Properties & Covalent bonding: Definition of atomic and ionic radii, Ionization energy,proton affinity, Electron affinity and electro negativity, Trends in periodic table (in s & p block elements)

Covalent Bond–Valence bond theory and its limitations, types of hybridization and shapes of simple inorganic molecules  Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to NH3, H3O+, Molecular Orbital  theory of homo nuclear (H2&N2) and hetero-nuclear (CO and NO) diatomic molecules, bond strength and bond energy.

UNIT-III                                                           [8 Sessions]

Chemical Bonding & Mechanism of Organic Reactions: Chemical bonding,  Resonances, hyper-conjugation, Aromaticity, Electronic displacements: Inductive effect, Structure, Shape of organic molecules. Cleavage of bond (homolytic and heterolytic).

Types of reagents – Electrophiles and Nucleophiles, Types of organic reactions, Reactive intermediates– Carbocations, Carbanions, Free radicals, Carbenes, Arynes and nitrenes (with examples).

UNIT-IV                                                     [6 Sessions]                                                                                                

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Alkanes: Preparation::Catalytic Hydrogenation, Wurtz Reaction, Kolbe’s synthesis, from Grignard reagent reactions: Free radical substitution; Halogenation.

Alkenes:  Preparation: Elimination reactions: Dehydration of alkenes and dehydro-halogenation of alkyl halides (Saytzeff’s rule), Reactions: cis-addition  and trans-addition, addition of HX (Markownikoffs and anti-Markownikoff’s addition)- hydration, ozonolysis oxymecuration-demercuration,  

Alkynes:  Preparation: Acetylene from CaC2 and conversion into higher alkynes by dehalogenation of tetrahalides and dehydro-halogenation of vicinal-dihalides.

Isomerism: Introduction, Types, Concept of chirality (upto two carbon atoms) Configurations:  Enantiomerism, Diastereomers and Meso compounds).Threo and erythro, D and L, cis-trans nomenclature; CIP rules: R/S (for upto 2 chiral carbon atoms) and  E/Z Nomenclature (for upto two C=C systems), Conformation of n-butane.

 PRACTICAL

  1. Estimation of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in a mixture
  2. Estimation of oxalic acid by titrating it with KMnO4.
  3. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K2Cr2O7 using internal indicator
  4. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K2Cr2O7 using internal indicator
  5. To analyze the given inorganic mixture to find out acidic and basic radicals
  6. To determine the solubility of a salt in water at room temperature.
  7. To determine the solubility of an organic acid in water at room temperature.
  8. Identification of functional groups in organic compounds.

TEXT BOOKS

  1. Lee, J.D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry. 2nd edition, Chapman & Hall.
  2. F.A.Cotton, Wilkinson, G. & Gauss, P.L. Basic Inorganic Chemistry. Wiley & sons.
  3. Bodie E. Douglas, Darl H. McDaniel, John J Alexander. Concept and models in inorganic chemistry. Wiley and sons.
  4. Huheey, J.E., Keiter, E.A., R.L. & Medhi, O.K. Inorganic chemistry principles of structure and reactivity. Pearson education India.
  5. Organic Chemistry, Paula Y. Bruice, 8th Edition, Pearson Education (2016).
  6. Organic Chemistry, I.L. Finar, Vol. I, 6th Edition, Pearson Education  India    (2012)
  7. Organic Chemistry, R. T. Morrison and R. N. Boyd, 7th Edition  Prentice- Hall of India(P) Ltd., New Delhi.
  8. Organic Chemistry, Paula Y. Bruice, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, International Edition   (1998).     

 

REFERENCE BOOKS

  1. Das Asim K., Fundamentals of Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. I, CBS Publications, 2nd Ed. 2010.
  2. Pradeep’s Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. I & II, Universal Book seller, 14th Ed. 2017.
  3. Graham Solomons T. W., Fryhle, Craig B., Snyder Scott A, Organic Chemistry, Wiley Student Ed, 11th Edition (2013)
  4. Jonathan Clayden, Nick Greeves, Stuart Warren, Organic Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Oxford Publisher, 2014.
  5. Dhawan, S.N., Pradeep’s Organic Chemistry, (Vol. I and II), Pradeep Publications

 

 

 

 

 


BIOSTATISTICS

COURSE OUTCOMES CO-1 Understand types of data, statistical measures (central tendency, dispersion, skewness), and graphical representation methods. CO-2 Apply concepts and statistical distributions (Binomial, Poisson, Normal) to analyze biological data. CO-3 Analyze hypothesis testing using t-test, Chi-square, ANOVA, and interpret sampling methods, standard error, and confidence levels. CO-4 Evaluate relationships between variables using correlation and regression, and draw conclusions from COURSE CONTENT UNIT I [12 Sessions] Types of Data, Collection of data, Primary & Secondary data, Classification and Graphical representation of Statistical data, Measures of central tendency and Dispersion, Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis. UNIT II [12 Sessions] Probability classical & axiomatic definition of probability, Theorems on total and compound probability), Elementary ideas of Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions. UNIT III [11 Sessions] Methods of sampling, Confidence level, Critical region, Testing of hypothesis and standard error, large sample test and small sample test, Problems on test of significance, t-test, Chi-square test for goodness of fit and analysis of variance (ANOVA). UNIT IV [10 Sessions] Correlation and Regression, Emphasis on examples from Biological Sciences. TEXT BOOKS 1. Le CT (2003) Introductory Biostatistics, John Wiley, USA. 2. Glaser AN (2001) High YieldTM Biostatistics. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA 3. Edmondson, A. and Druce, D. (1996) Advanced Biology Statistics, Oxford University Press. 4. Danial W (2004) Biostatistics: A foundation for Analysis in Health Sciences, John Wiley and Sons Inc. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. S. C. Gupta and V. K. Kapoor, Mathematical Statistics, Sultan Chand & Sons. 2. G. C. Beri, Business Statistics, TMH.

COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS

COURSE OUTCOMES 

 CO1. Remembering the history, types, and components of computers.

 CO2. Understanding programming languages, translators, and basic cryptography. 

 CO3. Analysing operating systems and their types. 

 CO4. Applying number system conversions, logic gates, and basic networking concepts. 

 COURSE CONTENT 

 UNIT-I 3 [15 Sessions] 

 History and development of computers-mini, personal and super computers. Definition of a computer, its features and uses, its classification, its RAM and ROM, its CPU, its different I/O devices, peripherals, storage media, and its software.

 UNIT-II [10 Sessions] 

Computer language C generation of languages, translators: - compiler, interpreter, assembler introduction of cryptography, encryption, decryption.

 UNIT-III [10 Sessions] 

Introduction of basic operating system, concept-MS Dos and Windows. list of operating system types. 

 UNIT-IV [10 Sessions] 

Various codes: - decimal & binary number system, Hexadecimal conversion, floating number gates, computer network, the introduction of LAN & WAN, network topologies.

First Aid and Health Z020201

 

COURSE CODE

COURSE TITLE

L

T

P

C

Z020201T

FIRST AID AND HEALTH

2

0

0

2

 

COURSE  OUTCOMES

 

CO-1 Understand human puberty, sexual health, and disease prevention

CO-2 Apply basic first aid techniques for injuries and life-threatening emergencies.

CO-3  Analyze system-based and situational first aid cases effectively.

 

 

COURSE CONTENT

 

UNIT-I                                                                                                                       [4 Sessions]

A.                Basic First Aid

·Aims of first aid & First aid and the law.

·Dealing with an emergency, Resuscitation (basic CPR).

·Recovery position, Initial top to toe assessment.

·Hand washing and Hygiene

·Types and Content of a First aid Kit

B.                First AID Technique

·Dressings and Bandages.

·Fast evacuation techniques (single rescuer).

·Transport techniques

C.                First aid related with respiratory system

·Basics of Respiration

·No breathing or difficult breathing, Drowning, Choking, Strangulation and hanging,

·Swelling within the throat, Suffocation by smoke or gasses and Asthma.

D.        First aid related with Heart, Blood and Circulation

·Basics of The heart and the blood circulation.

·Chest discomfort, bleeding.

D.        First aid related with Wounds and Injuries

·Type of wounds, Small cuts and abrasions

·Head, Chest, Abdominal injuries

·Amputation, Crush injuries, Shock

E.        First aid related with Bones, Joints Muscle related injuries

·Basics of The skeleton, Joints and Muscles.

·Fractures (injuries to bones).

 

 

UNIT-II                                                                                                                     [4 Sessions]

 

F. First aid related with Nervous system and Unconsciousness

·Basics of the nervous system.

·Unconsciousness, Stroke, Fits – convulsions – seizures, Epilepsy.

G. First aid related with Gastrointestinal Tract

·Basics of The gastrointestinal system.

·Diarrhea, Food poisoning.

H. First aid related with Skin, Burns

·Basics of The skin.

·Burn wounds, Dry burns and scalds (burns from fire, heat and steam).

·Electrical and Chemical burns, Sun burns, heat exhaustion and heatstroke.

·Frost bites (cold burns), Prevention of burns, Fever and Hypothermia.

I. First aid related with Poisoning

·Poisoning by swallowing, Gasses, Injection, Skin

J. First aid related with Bites and Stings

·Animal bites, Snake bites, Insect stings and bites

K. First aid related with Sense organs

·Basic of Sense organ.

·Foreign objects in the eye, ear, nose or skin.

·Swallowed foreign objects.

L. Specific emergency satiation and disaster management

·Emergencies at educational institutes and work

·Road and traffic accidents.

·Emergencies in rural areas.

·Disasters and multiple casualty accidents.

·Triage.

 M. Emergency Childbirth

 

UNIT-III                                                                                                                       [8 Sessions]

 

Basic Sex Education

·Overview, ground rules, and a pre-test

·Basics of Urinary system and Reproductive system.

·Male puberty — physical and emotional changes

·Female puberty — physical and emotional changes

·Male-female similarities and differences

·Sexual intercourse, pregnancy, and childbirth

·Facts, attitudes, and myths about LGBTQ+ issues and identities

·Birth control and abortion

·Sex without love — harassment, sexual abuse, and rape

Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

 

UNIT-IV                                                                                                                        [4 Sessions]

Mental Health and Psychological First Aid

·What is Mental Health First Aid?

·Mental Health Problems in the India

·The Mental Health First Aid Action Plan

·Understanding Depression and Anxiety Disorders

·Crisis First Aid for Suicidal Behavior & Depressive symptoms

·What is Non-Suicidal Self-Injury?

·Non-crisis First Aid for Depression and Anxiety

·Crisis First Aid for Panic Attacks, Traumatic events

·Understanding Disorders in Which Psychosis may Occur

·Crisis First Aid for Acute Psychosis

·Understanding Substance Use Disorder

·Crisis First Aid for Overdose, Withdrawal

  Using Mental Health First Aid 


Mammalian Physiology (B.Sc.-Biotech-Sem-II)

BBT 102

MAMMALIAN PHYSIOLOGY

L

T

P

C

3

0

0

3

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES : 

The course imparts the knowledge of different types of systems of the human body, organ and tissue to overcome the disease.

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT - I : Digestion and Respiration       [15 Sessions]

Digestion: Digestive system and its mechanism & absorption of carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and nucleic acids at cellular level. Secretion and composition of bile, Saliva, Pancreatic, Gastric and intestinal juice, Respiratory system: Exchange of gases, Haldane& Bohr effect in Respiration. Transport of O2 and CO2, Oxygen dissociation curve, Chloride shift.

UNIT - II : Circulation       [15 Sessions]

Double circulation in humans and its physiology,Cardiac output, cardiac cycle, Origin & conduction of heart beat. ECG.Composition of blood, Plasma proteins & their role, Hemopoiesis, Mechanism of coagulation of blood through different pathways, blood homeostasis.

UNIT - III : Muscle physiology and osmoregulation   [15 Sessions]

Structure of cardiac smooth & skeletal muscle, Threshold stimulus, All or None rule, Single muscle twitch, Muscle tone, Physiology of muscle contraction. Physical, chemical & electrical events of mechanism of muscle contraction, Excretion:structure of kidney, Modes of excretion, Ornithine cycle, Mechanism of urine formation.

UNIT - IV : Nervous and endocrine coordination       [15 Sessions]           

Mechanism of generation & propagation of nerve impulse, Structure of synapse, Synaptic conduction, Saltatory conduction, Neurotransmitters :Mechanism of hormones (insulin and steroids). Human endocrine system– Hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenals, Hypo & hyper-secretions and their diseases.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

  • At the end of the course the students will have
  • Have an enhanced knowledge and appreciation of mammalian physiology.
  • Understand the functions of important physiological systems including the cardio-respiratory, renal, reproductive and metabolic systems.
  • Understand how these separate systems interact to yield integrated physiological responses to challenges such as exercise, fasting and ascent to high altitude, and how they can sometimes fail.
  • Be able to perform, analyze and report on experiments and observations in physiology.

TEXT BOOKS

  1. Guyton, A.C. & Hall, J.E. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology. XI Edition. Hercourt Asia PTE Ltd. /W.B. Saunders Company.
  2. Tortora, G.J. & Grabowski, S. (2006). Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. XI Edition. John Wiley & sons, Inc.

REFERENCE BOOKS

  1. Animal Physiology, 1990 4th ed,Kunt Schmidt, Neilson, Cambridge University Press Cambridge.
  2. Physiology of Mammals & other vertebrates, 1980, 2nd edn., Marshall & Hughes. Cambridge University Press Cambridge.
  3. Animal Physiology, 1987, Roger Eckert & David Randall, CBS Publishers & Distributors, Delhi.
  4. Text of Animal Physiology, 1976, Hurt & Mathur, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi
  5. Text of Animal Physiology, 1991, 2nd edn, Nagbushanam, Kodarkar & Sarojini, Oxford & IBI Pub., New Delhi.
  6. Essential of Medical Physiology, 1971, K and Prema Semulingam,Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers

 

 


Plant Physiology BBT104