Sem - IV (Second Year)

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

Role of antibody engineering in biomedical applications and the importance of immune genetics in disease processes, tissue transplantation and immune regulation are some of the areas of attributes of this course which can help the students to understand biotechnology related to human kind. 

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT - I         [15 Sessions]

Immune Response - An overview, components of mammalian immune system, Molecular structure of Immuno-globulins or Antibodies, Humoral & Cellular immune responses, T- lymphocytes & immune response (cytotoxic T-cell, helper T-cell, suppressor T-cells), T-cell receptors, Genome rearrangements during B-lymphocyte differentiation, Antibody affinity maturation class switching, Assembly of T-cell receptor genes by somatic recombination.

UNIT - II         [15 Sessions]                                                                              

Regulation of immunoglobulin gene expression – clonal selection theory, Allotypes & idiotypes, allelic exclusion, Immunologic memory, Heavy chain gene transcription, Genetic basis of antibody diversity, Hypotheses (germ line & somatic mutation), Antibody diversity.

UNIT - III         [15 Sessions]                                                                            

Major Histocompatibility complexes– class I & class II MHC antigens, Antigen processing, Immunity to infection– immunity to different organisms, Pathogen defense strategies, Avoidance of recognition, Autoimmune diseases, Immunodeficiency-AIDS.

UNIT - IV         [15 Sessions]                                                                            

Vaccines, vaccine development & Vaccination – adjuvants, cytokines, DNA vaccines, recombinant vaccines, Bacterial vaccines, Viral vaccines, Vaccines to other infectious agents, Passive & active immunization, Introduction to immunodiagnostics – RIA, ELISA.

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the course the students will be able to

• Communicate effectively in oral and written formats using appropriate vocabulary regarding the immunological response, mechanisms of this response, its regulation and the genetic basis.
• Apply scientific principles in the interpretation of immunological responses and data.
• Understand the roles of immunology in protection against disease.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. (2007). Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 6th edition, Saunders Publication,Philadelphia.
2. Delves P, Martin S, Burton D, Roitt IM. (2006). Roitt’s Essential Immunology. 11^thedition, Wiley-Blackwell Scientific Publication,Oxford.
3. Goldsby RA, Kindt TJ, Osborne BA. (2007). Kuby’s Immunology. 6th edition W.H. Freeman and Company, NewYork.
4. Murphy K, Travers P, Walport M. (2008). Janeway’sImmunobiology. 7th edition Garland Science Publishers, NewYork.
5. PeakmanM, and Vergani D. (2009). Basic and Clinical Immunology. 2nd edition Churchill Livingstone Publishers,Edinberg.
6. Richard C and Geiffrey S. (2009). Immunology. 6th edition. Wiley BlackwellPublication.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Immunology by C. FatimaImmunology by Kuby (Free man publication)
2. Essentials of immunology by Roitt (Blackwell scientific publication)
3. Immunology by Benacer
4. Infection & Immunity by John Playfair& Gregory Bancroft (Oxford University Press)