Post Graduate Programmes

M. Sc. (Biotechnology)

Biotechnology applies technological methods to biological systems and living organisms to customize products and processes. Subjects studied are Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Biophysics, Immunology, Genetic Engineering, Plant Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology, Environmental Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology, Cell Biology, Microbiology etc.

Career scope:

  • Lab Technician
  • Research Associate
  • Research Scientist
  • Sales Representative

BIO INFORMATICS (MSB505)

COURSE CONTENT

 

THEORY

 

UNIT-I                                                                                                                       [12Sessions]

Structural biology and structural databases: Nucleic acid structures, RNA folding, RNA loops, conformational study. Various ribose ring conformations, Ribose-ring puckering. Protein-protein interactions, Protein ligand interactions. DNA-binding proteins, RNA-binding proteins. Ramachandran plot, 3-dimensional structures of membrane proteins, Structural databases:- Protein Data bank (PDB), Nucleic Acid Data Bank (NDB), Molecular modeling Data Bank (MMDB). Secondary structure, Three-dimensional structure prediction, protein folding and functional sites, Protein folding classes.

 

UNIT-II                                                                                                                       [11 Sessions]

Sequence alignment (pairwise and multiple, global and local), Sequence alignment algorithm (FASTA, BLAST, Needleman and Wunsch, Smith-Waterman), Database similarity searches (BLAST, FASTA and PSI-BLAST), Amino acid substitution matrices (PAM BLOSUM).

 

UNIT-III                                                                                                                      [10 Sessions]

Machine learning: Clustering, Artificial neural networks, Hidden Markov Model, Genetic Algorithm, Support vector machine, Information extraction from biomedical literature. Protein structure prediction (Chou Fasman method): Secondary and tertiary structures, Homology Modelling, ORF prediction, Gene prediction, Microarray data analysis.

 

UNIT-IV                                                                                                                     [12 Sessions]

Basic concept of Intellectual Property Rights Protection of human innovations by IPR such as Patents, Trademarks, Copyright, Industrial Designs Registrations, Geographical Indications, Trade Secrets etc. Territoriality of IPR; Role of WTO and WIPO; Balancing Rights and Responsibilities. 

Patenting in Biotechnology, Economic, Ethical and depository considerations. Develop the basic concept of Intellectual Property Rights Protection of human innovations.


IMMUNOLOGY/ LAB

PRACTICAL

 

1.               Separation of serum.

2.               Ouchterlony double diffusion.

3.               Radial immunodiffusion.

4.               Quantitative precipitation assay.

5.               Immunoelectrophoresis.

6.               Latex agglutination test.

7.               Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

8.               Western blotting.


IMMUNOLOGY

COURSE CONTENT

 

THEORY

 

UNIT-I                                                                                                                       [8 Sessions]

 

Introduction of Immunology, Immunity: Types of immunity, innate and acquired immunity. Cells of the Immune System: B & T lymphocytes; T-cell sub-sets; the antigen-presenting cells.

Organs of the System: Primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow and thymus); secondary lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue).

 

UNIT-II                                                                                                                        [10 Sessions]

 

Immunoglobulins: Basic structure and function of immunoglobulins, Immunoglobulin domains- variable region and constant region domains. Types of Ig classes- IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE; Functions of Ig classes, Organization and expression of Immunoglobulin Light and Heavy chain genes. Hybridoma technology, Vaccine development and production of monoclonal antibodies.

 

UNIT-III                                                                                                                      [10 Sessions]

 

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MCH): General organization and inheritance of MHC; MHC Haplotypes, The structure of MHC class-I and class-II molecules; Organization of MHC class I and class II genes, Peptide binding of MHC molecules, Polymorphism of MHC class I and class II molecules; Role of HLA typing in organ transplantation, Cellular distribution of MHC molecules; MHC molecules and immune responsiveness.

Transplantation: Graft and graft rejection and the role of HLA typing in organ transplantation.

 

UNIT-IV                                                                                                                    [9 Sessions]

 

The Humoral and Cell-mediated Immune Responses, Antigen processing by antigen-presenting cells. The structure and functions of T-cell receptors (TCR), the TCR-peptide-MHC tri-molecular complexes, B-cell activation and proliferation by thymus independent and thymus-dependent antigens, In-vivo sites for induction of humoral response; B-cell differentiation, class-switching, and generation of plasma cells and memory cells.

 

UNIT-V                                                                                                                      [8 Sessions]

 

Hypersensitivity: Type I, II, III and IV. Autoimmunity: Autoimmune disease, insulin dependent diabetes; Rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroid disease. Cytokines: Properties of cytokines, types of cytokines, cytokines receptors and therapeutic uses of cytokines. Complement system: Introduction of complement system, Complement pathways. Classical, Lectin and Alternative pathway, Function of complement system.